Subject: Fukushima Update 4-27 - Slow Arduous clean up

From: Chris in Delaware

Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2011 21:11:09 -0400

Status

1.  CORE DAMAGE Estimate - Unit 1 70%, Unit 2 30%, Unit 3 25% Unit 4 *(Total Core Off-Load into its Spent Fuel Pool), Unit 5 and Unit 6 No damage.  It is Believed that U1, 2, and 3 Reactor Vessels have Damage, however it is unknown exactly where and what the extent of the Damage is.

2.  Containment Integrity - Unit 1 Estimated to be intact Damaged, U2 Damaged, U3 Estimated to be Not Damage, U4,5 No Damage.  Due to Unit 1 Reactor Vessel Level and Pressure oddities, we now believe that Unit 1 Containment is breached.

3.  Reactor Pressure/Temperature - Unit 1 RISING (over 850F - Instrumentation is Suspect), U2 and U3 UNKNOWN.  NOTE:  [We discussed that the Reactor Vessel Instrumentation is Not Available or very unreliable]

4.  Spent Fuel Pool Status - U1,2,3,4 - Cooling with Fresh Water Spray [not very effective according to a Sandia Report],

I believe ALL Damaged Fuel. Further, U4 had Hydrogen Explosion (this Unit had total Core Offloaded into its Spent Fuel Pool).

Unit 4 Spent Fuel Pool continues to lose water RAPIDLY (See Article Below in RED) - Because this Unit was in Refueling Mode, the seals around the Reactor Head are leaking. Conjecture on my part, but the Fuel Pool concrete may be leaking. It was damaged by the hydrogen explosion.

News Briefs Tuesday, April 26, 2011 12:50 +0900 (JST)

●Radioactive water level unchanged at No.2 reactor.  The operator of the troubled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant says the level of radioactive water in a tunnel at the No.2 reactor is unchanged.

Comment - Unit 2 containment is still damaged, however. The leakage still entering the Turbine Building from the Containment Building.

News Briefs Tuesday, April 26, 2011 12:49 +0900 (JST)

●TEPCO prepares to fill No.1 reactor with water.  Remote-controlled robots are being used to look inside one of the disabled reactor buildings at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant, before workers begin pumping more water into the reactor.  Tokyo Electric Power Company is planning to fill the No.1 reactor and then its container with water by mid July, to submerge the fuel rods and cool them down stably.  To prepare for the operation, TEPCO sent robots inside the reactor building on Tuesday morning to check for leakage and other damage.  If no problems are found, the utility plans to increase the amount of water being fed into the reactor on Wednesday, on an experimental basis.

The water feed is due to be increased from the current 6 tons per hour to a maximum of 14 tons.  Workers will monitor changes in temperature and pressure, to see whether the reactor container can safely hold the water.

Robots will then enter the building again, to check for signs of seepage.

The government's nuclear safety agency says TEPCO also needs to determine whether a water-filled reactor container can withstand strong aftershocks.

TEPCO hopes to fill up the No.1 and No.3 reactor containers by mid-July, as part of its recently announced schedule for containing the nuclear accident.

Comment - Unit 1 reactor is damaged. With all the water already pumped in it, it should be full. Leaks ALWAYS show up sooner or later though. 

News Briefs Tuesday, April 26, 2011 10:45 +0900 (JST)

●Government was unaware of hydrogen explosion risk

An advisor to Prime Minister Naoto Kan says no one in the government knew of the risk of a hydrogen explosion in the initial stages of the emergency at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant.

The disclosure was made on Monday by Goshi Hosono, who is a governing party lawmaker and senior member of the government's nuclear taskforce.

Hosono referred to a hydrogen blast that shattered the No.1 reactor building one day after the March 11th earthquake and tsunami. The blast occurred after workers began venting air from the reactor containment vessel to reduce pressure inside.

Hosono said he was not aware of a single nuclear expert who warned of the risk of a hydrogen blast following the venting operation. He said nitrogen inside the reactor container was supposed to prevent such explosions.

Plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company also told reporters that hydrogen is supposed to be processed within the containment vessel, and that such an explosion is not assumed in a reactor building.

Large amounts of radioactive substances were released into the environment as a result of the hydrogen blast.

Comment - This one surprised me too. I should have known. The bottom line is that the government doesn't know - much.

News Briefs Tuesday, April 26, 2011 10:45 +0900 (JST)

●Radioactive water in No.3 and 4 reactors rises

The operator of the disaster-hit Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant says the level of radioactive water has risen in the Number 3 and Number 4 reactors.

The levels of radioactive water in the power plant are hampering efforts to restore its functions. Tokyo Electric Power Company, or TEPCO, is moving highly radioactive water from the tunnel of the No. 2 reactor to a temporary storage facility.

The utility company says the water level in the tunnel of the No. 3 reactor rose to 99 centimeters below the surface as of 6 PM on Monday. That passes the level at which TEPCO plans to remove the water, but it has yet to secure storage space.

The water level in the basement of the No.3 reactor's turbine building also rose by 10 centimeters over 3 days.

TEPCO says a survey last Thursday found an increase in the density of radioactive substances in the water in the basement of the No. 4 reactor's turbine building.

The company says the levels of cesium-134 and 137 increased about 250-fold and iodine-131 increased about 12 times compared with one month ago.

TEPCO says contamination of this level requires them to prioritize the transfer or disposal of the water.

The water level in the No. 4 reactor's turbine building rose by 20 centimeters in 10 days.

TEPCO says water used to cool the No. 3 reactor could be leaking into No. 4 as their turbine buildings are connected.

News Briefs Tuesday, April 26, 2011 07:54 +0900 (JST)

●Monitoring rising temperatures Unit 4 Spent Fuel Pool

The operator of the troubled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant is carefully monitoring the situation at the Number 4 spent fuel pool, where the water temperature is rising despite increased injections of cooling water.

Tokyo Electric Power Company, or TEPCO, says it will inject 210 tons of water into the pool on Monday, after finding on Sunday evening that the temperature in the pool had risen to 81 degrees Celsius.

The utility firm had earlier limited the amount of water being injected into the pool to 70 tons a day, saying the weight of the water could weaken the reactor building, which was already damaged in last month's hydrogen explosion.

On Friday, TEPCO found that the pool's temperature had reached 91 degrees, so it began injecting 2 to 3 times the amount of water.

TEPCO says the pool's water temperature dropped to 66 degrees on Saturday after water was injected, but started to rise again, to 81 degrees.

The operator says the water level in the pool was 2.5 meters lower than normal after 165 tons of water were injected on Sunday. It is carefully monitoring the water level and temperature to avoid further troubles.

The Number 4 spent fuel pool stores 1,535 fuel rods, the most at the nuclear complex.

News Briefs Monday, April 25, 2011 12:04 +0900 (JST)

●Heat exchanger for No1 reactor considered

The Tokyo Electric Power Company is thinking about setting up a heat exchanger to hasten the full-scale recovery of the cooling system at the Number 1 reactor of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.

TEPCO says 70 percent of the fuel is apparently damaged and 6 tons of water per hour is being injected into the reactor.

In order to cool it under more stable conditions, TEPCO wants the water level in the containment vessel to reach the height of the fuel rods.  At present, the water level is estimated to be about 6 meters from the bottom of the containment vessel.

Two plans have been considered to cool the vessel, one uses sea water, the other air.  To avoid the risk of further damage from possible aftershocks TEPCO is favoring the water system.  It says the pipes which connect the containment vessel and the heat exchanger must be quake protected. In addition, radioactive substances must be removed before pouring contaminated water into the heat exchanger.  These tasks should be done inside the nuclear reactor building but as the level of radioactivity is too high for human entry, many problems remain before the heat exchanger can be set up.

News Briefs Monday, April 25, 2011 06:00 +0900 (JST)

●TEPCO discloses radiation map

Tokyo Electric Power Company has disclosed a map of radiation levels at the damaged Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant.

The utility plans to urgently remove radioactive rubble, and the map will help to protect workers from unnecessary exposure to radiation.

TEPCO began making the map in late March, and has posted copies in the plant's buildings.

The map shows radiation levels that controllers measured around the first 4 reactors before the start of the working day.

Radiation levels around the Number 3 reactor building, which was damaged by a powerful hydrogen explosion, are higher than in other locations, and 300 millisieverts per hour of radiation was detected in debris on a nearby mountainside.

Work started on April 6th to remove contaminated rubble, which had been obstructing the restoration process.  TEPCO says much of the debris around the former office building has been removed, and it has started clearing the rubble around the Number 3 and Number 4 reactors.  Enough debris has been removed to fill 50 containers, and it is being kept in a field on the mountainside.

The radiation levels one meter away are 1 to 2 millisieverts per hour.

News Briefs Sunday, April 24, 2011 22:32 +0900 (JST)

●Quake protection considered for No.4 reactor

The operator of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant is studying ways to increase earthquake resistance of the spent fuel pool at the No. 4 reactor.  The walls of the reactor building supporting the pool were severely damaged by an explosion on March 15th.

TEPCO is examining footage taken by an unmanned helicopter. The company plans to install several concrete pillars on the floor below that will support the bottom of the pool.

The company says the radiation level on the floor is not immediately dangerous to human health, but that it needs to determine whether long hours of work are possible there.

The pool has the most fuel rods at the plant and a large amount of water has been evaporating. The company has been injecting water into the pool to prevent the rods from being exposed and further damaged.

But there is concern that the weight of the water might cause further damage to the reactor building. From Saturday, the utility has been assessing more carefully the appropriate amount of water to be poured by using a device to monitor temperature and the level of cooling water in the pool.

TEPCO says it will try to start the reinforcement construction as soon as possible because further strong aftershocks may occur.